Both payroll employment (-23,000) and unemployment rate (4.1%) change little in July

Not in labor force

Photo: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Total, 16 years and over

Adult men (20 years and over)

Adult women (20 years and over)

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)

Black or African American

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total, 25 years and over

Less than a high school diploma

High school graduates, no college

Some college or associate degree

Bachelor's degree and higher

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

Less than 5 weeks

5 to 14 weeks

15 to 26 weeks

27 weeks and over

Employed people at work part time

Part time for economic reasons

Slack work or business conditions

Could only find part-time work

Part time for noneconomic reasons

People not in the labor force

Marginally attached to the labor force

Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation.

NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Motor vehicles and parts

Professional and business services(1)

Private education and health services(1)

Health care and social assistance

(3-month average change, in thousands)

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEESAS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES(2)

Total nonfarm women employees

Total private women employees

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees

HOURS AND EARNINGSALL EMPLOYEES

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)(3)

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)(4)

DIFFUSION INDEX(Over 1-month span)(5)

Total private (250 industries)

Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours. (4) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. (5) Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Not in labor force

People who currently want a job

Men, 16 years and over

Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and over

Not in labor force

Women, 16 years and over

Not in labor force

Women, 20 years and over

Not in labor force

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not in labor force

Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Not in labor force

Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Not in labor force

Men, 20 years and over

Women, 20 years and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Footnotes (1) The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Less than a high school diploma

High school graduates, no college(1)

Some college or associate degree

Bachelor's degree and higher(2)

Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor's, master's, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals for those 25 years and over because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Not in labor force

Gulf War-era II veterans

Not in labor force

Gulf War-era I veterans

Not in labor force

Vietnam-era and earlier wartime veterans

Not in labor force

Veterans of other service periods

Not in labor force

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Not in labor force

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000).

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Not in labor force

Men, 16 to 64 years

Not in labor force

Women, 16 to 64 years

Not in labor force

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Not in labor force

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor's office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Not in labor force

Native born, 16 years and over

Not in labor force

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are people who were born in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Agriculture and related industries

Wage and salary workers(1)

Wage and salary workers(1)

PEOPLE AT WORK PART TIME(2)

Part time for economic reasons(3)

Slack work or business conditions

Could only find part-time work

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

Part time for economic reasons(3)

Slack work or business conditions

Could only find part-time work

Part time for noneconomic reasons(4)

Footnotes (1) Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated. (2) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed people who were absent from their jobs for the entire week. (3) Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand. (4) Refers to people who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes people who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Total, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Men, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Married men, spouse present(1)

Married women, spouse present(1)

Women who maintain families(2)

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Percent of total employed

Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Employed full-time workers are people who usually work 35 hours or more per week. (4) Employed part-time workers are people who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available. NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Total, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Men, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Women, 16 years and over

16 to 19 years

16 to 17 years

18 to 19 years

20 years and over

20 to 24 years

25 years and over

25 to 54 years

25 to 34 years

35 to 44 years

45 to 54 years

55 years and over

Married men, spouse present(1)

Married women, spouse present(1)

Women who maintain families(2)

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Footnotes (1) Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to people in both opposite-sex and same-sex married couples. Prior to January 2020, referred to people in opposite-sex married couples only. (2) Data are not seasonally adjusted. Beginning with data for January 2020, refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not a spouse of either sex. Prior to January 2020, referred to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse. (3) Full-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. (4) Part-time workers are unemployed people who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

Not on temporary layoff

People who completed temporary jobs

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

Not on temporary layoff

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THECIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Less than 5 weeks

5 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over

15 to 26 weeks

27 weeks and over

Average (mean) duration, in weeks

Median duration, in weeks

Less than 5 weeks

5 to 14 weeks

15 weeks and over

15 to 26 weeks

27 weeks and over

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to total unemployed in table A-1 because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Total, 16 years and over(1)

Management, professional, and related occupations

Management, business, and financial operations occupations

Professional and related occupations

Sales and office occupations

Sales and related occupations

Office and administrative support occupations

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

Construction and extraction occupations

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

Production, transportation, and material movingoccupations

Transportation and material moving occupations

Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Total, 16 years and over(1)

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

Wholesale and retail trade

Professional and business services

Education and health services

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers

Footnotes (1) People with no previous work experience and people whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2025 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2022 Census industry classification system, derived from the 2022 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Data for 2025 are not strictly comparable with earlier years.

U-1 People unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-2 Job losers and people who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor force

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other people marginally attached to the labor force, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all people marginally attached to the labor force, plus total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all people marginally attached to the labor force

NOTE: People marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. People employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force

People who currently want a job

Marginally attached to the labor force(1)

Other people marginally attached to the labor force(3)

Percent of total employed

Primary job full time, secondary job part time

Primary and secondary jobs both part time

Primary and secondary jobs both full time

Hours vary on primary or secondary job

Footnotes (1) Data refer to people who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks. (2) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. (3) Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined. (4) Includes a small number of people who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

Oil and gas extraction

Mining (except oil and gas)

Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying

Support activities for mining

Heavy and civil engineering construction

Residential specialty trade contractors

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors

Nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing

Fabricated metal product manufacturing

Computer and electronic product manufacturing

Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing

Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing

Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing

Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media and audio and video equipment manufacturing

Electrical equipment, appliance, and component manufacturing

Motor vehicles and parts(2)

Furniture and related product manufacturing

Printing and related support activities

Petroleum and coal products manufacturing

Plastics and rubber products manufacturing

Beverage, tobacco, and leather and allied product manufacturing

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Merchant wholesalers, durable goods

Merchant wholesalers, nondurable goods

Wholesale trade agents and brokers

Motor vehicle and parts dealers

Other motor vehicle dealers

Automotive parts, accessories, and tire retailers

Building material and garden equipment and supplies dealers

Food and beverage retailers

Furniture, home furnishings, electronics, and appliance retailers

Furniture and home furnishings retailers

Electronics and appliance retailers

Warehouse clubs, supercenters, and other general merchandise retailers

Health and personal care retailers

Gasoline stations and fuel dealers

Clothing, clothing accessories, shoe, and jewelry retailers

Sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and miscellaneous retailers

Transit and ground passenger transportation

Scenic and sightseeing transportation

Support activities for transportation

Motion picture and sound recording industries

Broadcasting and content providers

Computing infrastructure providers, data processing, web hosting, and related services

Web search portals, libraries, archives, and other information services

Credit intermediation and related activities

Activities related to credit intermediation

Securities, commodity contracts, funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles, investments, and related activities

Insurance carriers and related activities

Real estate and rental and leasing

Rental and leasing services

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets (except copyrighted works)

Professional and business services

Professional, scientific, and technical services

Accounting, tax preparation, bookkeeping, and payroll services

Architectural, engineering, and related services

Computer systems design and related services

Management, scientific, and technical consulting services

Scientific research and development services

Advertising, public relations, and related services

Other professional, scientific, and technical services

Management of companies and enterprises

Administrative and support and waste management and remediation services

Administrative and support services

Travel arrangement and reservation services

Investigation and security services

Services to buildings and dwellings

Waste management and remediation services

Private education and health services

Health care and social assistance

Ambulatory health care services

Offices of other health practitioners

Medical and diagnostic laboratories

Home health care services

Other ambulatory health care services

Nursing and residential care facilities

Skilled nursing care facilities

Residential intellectual and developmental disability, mental health, and substance abuse facilities

Continuing care retirement communities and assisted living facilities for the elderly

Other residential care facilities

Individual and family services

Community food and housing, and emergency and other relief services

Arts, entertainment, and recreation

Performing arts, spectator sports, and related industries

Museums, historical sites, and similar institutions

Amusement, gambling, and recreation industries

Accommodation and food services

Food services and drinking places

Personal and laundry services

Religious, grantmaking, civic, professional, and similar organizations

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service

State government, excluding education

Local government, excluding education

Footnotes (1) Includes other industries, not shown separately. (2) Includes motor vehicle manufacturing, motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing, and motor vehicle parts manufacturing. (3) Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

Footnotes (1) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.

Trade, transportation, and utilities

Professional and business services

Private education and health services

Footnotes (1) Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls. (2) The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment. (3) The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly hours, and employment. (p) Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2025 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.